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Monoclonal AE31 antibody staining
of urothelial umbrella cells
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A purified bovine urothelial plaque
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Purification of urothelial plaque
proteins
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Clonal growth of urothelial cells
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An 85kd protein associated with the hinge area
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The transmembrane topology of uroplakins
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Urothelial plaque structure is highly conserved
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A 16 nm uroplakin particle as seen by negative staining/EM
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A ‘twisted ribbon’ model of the 16 nm uroplakin particle
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The UPII promoter is highly urothelium-specific
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Demonstration of uroplakin Ia/II and Ib/III heterodimers by crosslinking
(Wu)
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Uroplakin receptors for the uropathogenic E. coli
(Wu, Kong)
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Uroplakin as a marker for metastatic bladder cancer
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Alternative pathways of urothelial differentiation
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Coverting the urinary bladder into a novel bioreactor
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A transgenic mouse submitting its urine sample to a graduate student - a cartoon making fun about the bladder bioreactor finding
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A cartoon making fun of the bladder bioreactor concept
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The highly flattened and enlarged superficial urothelial ‘umbrella’ cells as seen by SEM (Kachar)
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Apical surface of urothelium (and frog bladder, right panel, as a comparison) as seen by quick-freeze deep-etch
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Visualization of the transmembrane domains of the 16 nm particles by quick-freeze deep-etch
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Urothelial plaques may be highly dynamic
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Structural model of urothelial plaque
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Dr. Wu’s first transgenic mouse model showing the urothelial expression of SV40T led to full blown TCC
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Genetic ablation of uroplakin III cause vesicoureteral reflux and hydronephrosis
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Detection of metastatic bladder cancer cells using antibodies to uroplakins
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Urothelium-specific expression of Ha-ras led to the formation of papillary TCC
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Urothelium is not just a passive permeability barrier - it can secrete proteins into the urine
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Dr. Kong demonstrated that uroplakin Ia is the receptor for uropathogenic E. coli.
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Topology of the urothelial apical surface as seen by quick-freeze deep-etch (B. Kachar) |
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Identification of a novel UPIII isoform, UPIIIb
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The apical and cytoplasmic surfaces of urothelial plaque as seen by atomic force microscopy
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Localization of UPIa in the 16 nm particle
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Dr. Kreibich showed that UPIa/II and Ib/III form heterdimer in ER
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Ablation of UPIII gene comprised the permeability barrier function of urothelium
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Rab27b may play a role in delivering uroplakins to the apical surface (Kreibich)
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Tight interactions between the crystalline uroplakin network and lipids may
contribute to the permeability barrier function
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