Definition
Prosthetic heart valve thrombosis is a rare but serious complication of a heart valve replacement procedure . The complication occurs when a blood clot called a thrombus is attached to or near a prosthetic heart valve. This can obstruct blood flow or interfere with the function of the valve. This condition can be life-threatening. Seek medical attention right away if you think you have prosthetic heart valve thrombosis.
Heart Valves With Prosthetic Replacements
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Causes
Prosthetic heart valve thrombosis is thought to result from an interaction between components of blood and the prosthesis or blood flow in and around the prosthesis.
Risk Factors
Factors that may increase your chance of developing prosthetic heart valve thrombosis include:
- Inadequate anticoagulant/blood thinning therapy after a valve transplant
- Prosthesis located at the mitral valve in the heart
- Atrial fibrillation
- Drugs such as contraceptives
- Cancerous tumors
- Systemic diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus or inflammation and damage to various body tissues, including joints, skin, kidneys, heart, lungs, blood vessels, and brain
- Reduced cardiac pumping—possibly from heart failure
Symptoms
Symptoms may include:
- Shortness of breath
- Difficulty breathing while lying down
- Swelling
- Fatigue
- Difficulty exercising
- Chest pain, burning, or pressure
- Nausea
- Numbness
- Loss of consciousness
Diagnosis
Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam may be done.
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