Arthur D Boyd, M.D.

Stem Cell Transplant (SCT) and Pralatrexate Therapy: Outcome of Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma Who Received SCT Prior to or Following Pralatrexate Therapy
Popplewell, L; Pro, B; Jacobsen, E; Horwitz, SM; Boyd, A; Patterson, M; Fruchtman, S; O'Connor, OA
2009 NOV 20 ;114(22):1328-1328, Blood
— id: 109997, year: 2009, vol: 114, page: 1328, stat: Journal Article,

Correlation Between Baseline Methylmalonic Acid Status and Mucositis Severity in the PROPEL Study: Implications for Vitamin Prophylaxis
Pro, B; Coiffier, B; Horwitz, SM; Boyd, A; Neylon, E; Fruchtman, S; O'Connor, OA
2009 NOV 20 ;114(22):670-671, Blood
— id: 109984, year: 2009, vol: 114, page: 670, stat: Journal Article,

Surgical therapy of tuberculosis
Boyd AD; Crawford BK; Glassman L
Tuberculosis Philadelphia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2004,
— id: 3822, year: 2004, vol: , page: 639, stat: Chapter,

Trauma to the lung
Boyd AD; Glassman LR
1997 May;7(2):263-284, Chest surgery clinics of North America
Injuries to the lung parenchyma occur following both blunt and penetrating trauma and usually are associated with injury to adjacent structures. In most cases, patients with lung injury require little more than chest-tube insertion and supportive care. A thoracotomy is required, however, in approximately 10% of these patients, half of whom will need pulmonary repair or resection. Because serious morbidity and mortality can follow lung injuries, surgeons must have a broad understanding of the causes, types, and pathophysiologies of lung injuries and be able to promptly diagnose and appropriately treat them
— id: 56927, year: 1997, vol: 7, page: 263, stat: Journal Article,

Surgical therapy of tuberculosis
Boyd AD; Crawford BK; Glassman L
Tuberculosis Boston : Little, Brown, 1996,
— id: 3821, year: 1996, vol: , page: ?, stat: Chapter,

Mechanical ventilation
Boyd AD; Ribakove GH; Sparaco RJ
Surgery of the chest Philadelphia : Saunders, 1995,
— id: 3838, year: 1995, vol: , page: ?, stat: Chapter,

Chevalier Jackson: the father of American bronchoesophagoscopy
Boyd AD
1994 Feb;57(2):502-505, Annals of thoracic surgery
Chevalier Jackson was involved with bronchoesophagoscopy from the late 1800s until shortly before his death in 1958. A pioneer in the field, he developed numerous instruments used in peroral endoscopy and taught their safe and effective use. Most of the next generation of leaders in the field of bronchoesophagoscopy were trained in his clinics in Pittsburgh and in Philadelphia, where he held academic appointments at the six leading medical institutions of these cities. He was a keen observer, inventor, prolific writer, and humanitarian
— id: 56500, year: 1994, vol: 57, page: 502, stat: Journal Article,

Thoracic versus lumbar administration of epidural morphine for postoperative analgesia after thoracotomy
Grant GJ; Zakowski M; Ramanathan S; Boyd A; Turndorf H
1993 Nov-Dec;18(6):351-355, Regional anesthesia
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of thoracic and lumbar epidural morphine on pulmonary function and analgesia after thoracotomy for pulmonary resection. METHODS. Twenty-seven patients were randomized into two groups to receive either thoracic or lumbar epidural morphine as needed for postoperative analgesia. Postoperative pain was assessed hourly on a 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS), and epidural morphine was administered in 3 mg doses for a VAS score > 2 cm. Patients underwent pulmonary function tests (forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume at 1 second, peak expiratory flow) preoperatively, and 24 hours postoperatively. Results were expressed as mean +/- 1 SE and analyzed using Student's t-test and Student-Newman-Keuls test at p < 0.05. RESULTS. Twenty patients completed the study (n = 10 per group). Patients in the thoracic group required 3.1 +/- 0.4 injections to a total morphine dose of 11.9 +/- 1.4 mg during the first 24 hours postoperatively, and those in the lumbar group required 4.7 +/- 0.4 doses to a total 24-hour morphine dose of 16.4 +/- 1.2 mg (p < 0.05). Median hourly VAS scores were similar in both groups. Postoperative pulmonary function decreased in both groups without intergroup differences. CONCLUSIONS. The authors conclude that thoracic epidural morphine administration in patients after thoracotomy results in decreased morphine requirements and the same degree of analgesia as does lumbar administration
— id: 6395, year: 1993, vol: 18, page: 351, stat: Journal Article,

Accessory cardiac bronchus: CT features and clinical significance
McGuinness G; Naidich DP; Garay SM; Davis AL; Boyd AD; Mizrachi HH
1993 Nov;189(2):563-566, Radiology
PURPOSE: The accessory cardiac bronchus is a rare congenital anomaly of the tracheobronchial tree that arises from the medial wall of the bronchus intermedius. This report documents the computed tomographic (CT) appearance of this anomaly. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six patients with this anomaly were identified. All six underwent CT; three underwent correlative bronchoscopy, and one had both bronchoscopic and surgical confirmation. RESULTS: In all six cases, a distinct airway could be identified originating from the medial wall of the bronchus intermedius. Associated lung parenchymal tissue was identified in four cases, while in three cases a discrete soft-tissue mass was seen, presumably representing vascularized bronchial or vestigial parenchymal tissue. In two cases, the lumen of the airway was filled with debris. CONCLUSION: Recognition of this anomaly is important, as associated clinical complications, including recurrent episodes of both infection and hemoptysis, may be anticipated in a small percentage of patients
— id: 6450, year: 1993, vol: 189, page: 563, stat: Journal Article,

Treatment of AIDS-related bronchopleural fistula by pleurectomy [see comments]
Crawford BK; Galloway AC; Boyd AD; Spencer FC
1992 Aug;54(2):212-214, Annals of thoracic surgery
Spontaneous pneumothorax in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) may require prolonged therapy for treatment of a persistent bronchopleural fistula, and treatment by standard methods often fails. This pilot study was done to test the effectiveness of aggressive surgical therapy for definitive treatment of persistent bronchopleural fistula in patients with AIDS. Between March 1989 and September 1991, 44 patients with AIDS were treated for spontaneous pneumothorax with closed tube thoracostomy; 14 of these patients had development of persistent bronchopleural fistula for more than 10 days, and 2 patients had subsequent bronchopleural fistula on the opposite side. Operative therapy in 14 patients included 15 thoracotomies and one sternotomy. The bronchopleural fistula was closed directly with suture or staples in 15 procedures and resected by lobectomy in 1 patient. All 14 patients received adjuvant parietal pleurectomy. Operative mortality was 7% (1 of 14 patients). The fistula was closed in all survivors and 13 patients were discharged between 7 and 28 days postoperatively. Pathologic examination confirmed Pneumocystis carinii in 13 patients with a high incidence of diffuse involvement and subpleural necrosis, further demonstrating the need for pleurectomy. These data suggest that in selected patients bronchopleural fistulas associated with AIDS can be effectively controlled by surgical closure combined with pleurectomy
— id: 13482, year: 1992, vol: 54, page: 212, stat: Journal Article,

Traumatismos toracicos = [Thoracic trauma]
Hood, R. Maurice; Boyd, Arthur; Culliford, Alfred T
Mexico : Interamericana, 1992,
— id: 991, year: 1992, vol: , page: , stat: ,

Survival with regional and distant metastases from cutaneous malignant melanoma
Roses DF; Karp NS; Oratz R; Dubin N; Harris MN; Speyer J; Boyd A; Golomb FM; Ransohoff J; Dugan M; et al.
1991 Apr;172(4):262-268, Surgery, gynecology & obstetrics
The clinical course of 312 consecutive patients after initial presentation with metastatic melanoma, 165 of whom presented with regional metastases at cutaneous or subcutaneous, or both, nodal sites and 147 with metastases at distant sites, was reviewed. The five year survival rate for regional metastases was 43.4 per cent compared with a five year survival rate for distant metastases of 4.9 per cent (p less than 0.0001). Favorable prognostic variables for survival from first regional metastases included primary melanoma sites on the extremities compared with the head, neck and trunk (p = 0.043) and a disease-free interval of more than one year from primary surgical treatment to regional metastases (p = 0.0058). Favorable prognostic variables for survival from the first distant metastasis included a disease-free interval of more than one year from primary surgical treatment to distant metastases (p = 0.0092), the type of resection of metastatic disease (p = 0.00027) and the addition of systemic immunotherapy (p = 0.0011). Forty-nine patients with totally resectable distant metastases had a five year survival rate from the treatment of the initial metastasis of 13.1 per cent, whereas 33 patients having palliative resections had a five year survival rate of 7.5 per cent. All 165 patients who did not have resection for distant metastases died within five years. The results of our experience support therapeutic efforts to ablate both regional and distant metastases of malignant melanoma when feasible
— id: 25129, year: 1991, vol: 172, page: 262, stat: Journal Article,

Thoracotomy for metastatic malignant melanoma of the lung
Karp NS; Boyd A; DePan HJ; Harris MN; Roses DF
1990 Mar;107(3):256-261, Surgery
The outcome of 29 patients who underwent lung resection for treatment of metastatic malignant melanoma from January 1976 to November 1988 was studied. Twenty-two patients underwent total resection for cure of all apparent metastatic disease, whereas seven patients did not undergo total resection. Of the 22 patients who underwent curative resection, the median survival was 11 months, with a 2-year survival of 13.6% and a 5-year survival of 4.5%. Four patients who underwent curative resection are currently alive and free of disease, with one patient surviving more than 10 years. The patients who underwent palliative resection had a median survival of 5 months, only one patient living longer than 10 months. The difference in survival of the patients who underwent curative resection compared with palliative resection was statistically significant. The thickness of the primary cutaneous malignant melanoma, the presence of regional lymph node metastases, the disease-free interval from primary diagnosis to metastatic pulmonary disease, and whether one or two metastatic nodules were removed during curative lung resection were not statistically significant in altering survival. These results demonstrate that although prolonged survival for metastatic melanoma is rare, lung resection in selected patients may be associated with long-term survival
— id: 25130, year: 1990, vol: 107, page: 256, stat: Journal Article,

Thoracic trauma
Hood RM; Boyd AD; Culliford AT
Philadelphia : Saunders, 1989,
— id: 860, year: 1989, vol: , page: , stat: ,

Ballondilatation bei osophagokolisher Striktur mit proximalen Fisteln
Musher DR; Boyd A
1989 ;18:198-198, Extracta gastroenterologica
— id: 42302, year: 1989, vol: 18, page: 198, stat: Journal Article,

Method for locating a small magnetic object in the human body
Ilmoniemi, R J; Williamson, S J; Kaufman, L; Weinberg, H J; Boyd, A D
1988 Jul;35(7):561-564, IEEE transactions on biomedical engineering
— id: 146022, year: 1988, vol: 35, page: 561, stat: Journal Article,

Method for locating a small magnetic object in the human body
Kaufman, Lloyd; Williamson, Samuel J; Ilmoniemi, Risto J; Weinberg, Harold; Boyd, Arthur D
[Ft. Belvoir VA] : Ft. Belvoir Defense Technical Information Center, 1988,
A piece of a thin acupuncture needle lodged under the right scapula of a patient could not be found in surgical procedures accompanied by studies of 30 standard X-ray images. To locate it, we mapped the magnetic field component normal to a plane lying above the object, using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). Assuming that the needle could be modelled as a magnetic dipole, we were able to infer its lateral position, depth, orientation, and magnetic moment. With this information, directed CT scans, high-resolution X-ray films, and the subsequent surgical removal of the needle proved that it could be located in the body with an accuracy of about three millimeters
— id: 2100, year: 1988, vol: , page: , stat: ,

Esophagocolonic stricture with proximal fistulae treated by balloon dilation
Musher DR; Boyd A
1988 Apr;83(4):445-447, American journal of gastroenterology
Anastomotic fistulae are uncommon complications after gastrointestinal surgery. We describe an unusual case of an esophagocolonic stricture after colonic interposition for benign disease complicated by proximal esophageal fistulae successfully treated with balloon dilation
— id: 11134, year: 1988, vol: 83, page: 445, stat: Journal Article,

Reconstruction of a large chest wall defect with a musculocutaneous free flap using anterolateral thigh musculature
Press BH; Colen SR; Boyd A; Golomb F
1988 Mar;20(3):238-241, Annals of plastic surgery
Reconstruction of a large postmastectomy irradiated chest wall defect was accomplished with a large musculocutaneous free flap of anterolateral thigh musculature and skin. The vascular anatomy of the donor area allows a very substantial flap and skin island to be transferred, leaving a well-tolerated donor defect
— id: 11178, year: 1988, vol: 20, page: 238, stat: Journal Article,

POSTOPERATIVE MEDIASTINAL RADIATION FOR CANCER OF THE LUNG
Cooper, JS; Blum, RH; Boyd, A
1987 Jun 4;316(23):1475-1476, New England journal of medicine
— id: 31177, year: 1987, vol: 316, page: 1475, stat: Journal Article,

Comparison of CT and fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the evaluation of bronchial disease
Naidich DP; Lee JJ; Garay SM; McCauley DI; Aranda CP; Boyd AD
1987 Jan;148(1):1-7, American journal of roentgenology
CT was compared to fiberoptic bronchoscopy in a large series of patients to study the value of CT for visualizing bronchial disease. CT scans were available for review in 64 cases in which focal airway disease was identified with fiberoptic bronchoscopy and in 38 patients in whom the airways appeared normal at bronchoscopy. CT was positive in 59 of 64 cases in which lesions were detected endoscopically. If the results are analyzed according to the extent of involvement of individual bronchi, CT successfully identified 88 (90%) of 98 lesions. CT correctly excluded disease in 35 (92%) of 38 cases that were subsequently verified to be normal by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. In no case was the diagnosis of malignancy missed by CT. While extremely accurate in detecting focal lesions, CT was inaccurate in predicting whether a given abnormality was endobronchial, submucosal, or extrinsic (peribronchial). In three cases CT failed to detect submucosal extension into the left mainstream bronchus, which has important implications concerning the value of CT in staging bronchial malignancy. It is concluded that CT is helpful when bronchoscopy is contraindicated or refused. CT may also be used in selected cases when there is low clinical suspicion of endobronchial disease and as a complementary procedure to fiberoptic bronchoscopy for outlining the exact location of major mediastinal and hilar vessels, lymph nodes, and tumor in relation to adjacent airways
— id: 34076, year: 1987, vol: 148, page: 1, stat: Journal Article,

The value of computed tomography in postoperative pneumothorax following open-heart surgery
Esposito, R A; Boyd, A; Spencer, F C
1986 Dec;42(6):699-701, Annals of thoracic surgery
Two patients with postoperative pneumothorax following open-heart surgery are described. The diagnostic usefulness of computed tomography and chest roentgenogram in this complication is discussed
— id: 107040, year: 1986, vol: 42, page: 699, stat: Journal Article,

Subcutaneous thoracentesis utilizing an Ommaya reservoir in amyloid cardiomyopathy
Mitnick HJ; Tunick P; Boyd A; Smiles SA; Choy R
1986 Mar 7;255(9):1170-1171, JAMA
— id: 63009, year: 1986, vol: 255, page: 1170, stat: Journal Article,

Massive hemoptysis due to retained rib fragment 40 years after thoracotomy
Bevelaqua FA; Wieczorek R; Boyd AD
1985 Oct;85(10):605-608, New York state journal of medicine
— id: 63350, year: 1985, vol: 85, page: 605, stat: Journal Article,

Intrathoracic extramedullary hematopoiesis simulating anterior mediastinal tumor
Catinella, F P; Boyd, A D; Spencer, F C
1985 Apr;89(4):580-584, Journal of thoracic & cardiovascular surgery
Intrathoracic extramedullary hematopoiesis is a rare tumor occurring predominantly in the posterior mediastinum, most commonly in patients with congenital hemolytic anemias. The first reported case of this entity's occurring in the anterior mediastinum is described in a 68-year-old man with an incompletely characterized anemia. Definitive diagnosis was established only after median sternotomy and removal of the tumor
— id: 107041, year: 1985, vol: 89, page: 580, stat: Journal Article,

PULMONARY-ARTERY CATHETERIZATION
THOMAS, SJ; BOYD, AD
1984 ;85(6):840-840, Chest
— id: 40944, year: 1984, vol: 85, page: 840, stat: Journal Article,

Mechanical ventilation : airway pressure therapy
Boyd AD; Bernhard WN; Spencer FC
Gibbon's surgery of the chest Philadelphia : Saunders, 1983,
— id: 3478, year: 1983, vol: , page: 196, stat: Chapter,

Tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation
Boyd AD; Bernhard WN; Spencer FC
Gibbon's surgery of the chest Philadelphia : Saunders, 1983,
— id: 3479, year: 1983, vol: , page: 182, stat: Chapter,

A PROSPECTIVE-STUDY OF COMPLICATIONS OF PULMONARY-ARTERY CATHETERIZATIONS IN 500 CONSECUTIVE PATIENTS
BOYD, KD; THOMAS, SJ; GOLD, J; BOYD, AD
1983 ;84(3):245-249, Chest
— id: 40513, year: 1983, vol: 84, page: 245, stat: Journal Article,

The operative management of acute post-pneumonectomy bronchopleural fistula after flush bronchial amputation
Conlan, A A; Boyd, A D; Spencer, F C
1982 May 22;61(21):792-794, South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde
Acute disruption of the bronchial closure after pneumonectomy causes severe problems in patient management. Radical attempts at closure of the fistula and space obliteration (thoracoplasty) carry a high mortality. The management of this condition by a series of staged operative procedures is described. Pneumonectomy has usually been performed for bronchogenic carcinoma and prognosis is therefore guarded. Several low-risk operative interventions, with discharge from hospital between procedures, provide a safe and effective management method in the case described
— id: 107042, year: 1982, vol: 61, page: 792, stat: Journal Article,

Immediate reconstruction of full-thickness chest wall defects
Boyd AD; Shaw WW; McCarthy JG; Baker DC; Trehan NK; Acinapura AJ; Spencer FC
1981 Oct;32(4):337-346, Annals of thoracic surgery
Twenty-one patients had full-thickness chest wall defects reconstructed at the New York University Medical Center in the last ten years. Marlex mesh provided chest wall stability in 5 patients. In 9 patients with radiation ulcers Marlex mesh was not required; a severe fibrotic reaction had obliterated the pleural space and prevented paradoxical motion. Partial sternal resections did not require Marlex stabilization, while a total sternectomy resulted in marked ventilatory insufficiency in a patient who would have benefited from the use of a stabilizing material. Random pattern flaps were used initially; more recently, axial pattern, myocutaneous, and myocutaneous free flaps were employed. Necrosis developed in 4 (36%) of the 11 patients with random pattern flaps, but was not seen with the newer flap techniques. Myocutaneous free flaps provided uncomplicated coverage of and stability to three large, potentially contaminated defects. It seems that with the currently available flap techniques and the methods of chest wall stabilization, immediate repair of all full-thickness chest wall defects is possible
— id: 18164, year: 1981, vol: 32, page: 337, stat: Journal Article,

Complications occurring from the use of swan-ganz catheters
Boyd AD; Trehan N; Walker P; Thomas S; Gold J; Whiddon L; Boyd KD
1980 ;178:510-510, Chest
— id: 47316, year: 1980, vol: 178, page: 510, stat: Journal Article,

A clinical evaluation of cricothyroidotomy
Boyd AD; Romita MC; Conlan AA; Fink SD; Spencer FC
1979 Sep;149(3):365-368, Surgery, gynecology & obstetrics
Cricothyroidotomies were performed upon 147 patients at the New York University Medical Center and Booth Memorial Center from March 1976 through February 1978. Cricothyroidotomy was demonstrated to be a rapid and technically simple and precise procedure. The incidence of complications was 8.6 per cent. Catastrophic complications occurred in two patients who had severe laryngeal stenosis. Cricothyroidotomy was performed following prolonged endotracheal intubation in these two patients who had airway obstruction immediately following endotracheal extubation. In both patients, there was a glottic and subglottic component to the laryngeal stenosis suggesting that endotracheal intubation as well cricothyroidotomy played a critical part in the development of laryngeal stenosis. In view of these observations, we believe that cricothyroidotomy is useful, particularly in emergency situations and in patients with median sternotomy incisions but is contraindicated in patients having endotracheal intubation of more than seven days' duration or in patients having airway obstruction develop following removal of an endotracheal tube except as a temporary lifesaving procedure
— id: 19515, year: 1979, vol: 149, page: 365, stat: Journal Article,

The value of routine cranial computed tomography in neurologically intact patients with primary carcinoma of the lung
Butler, A R; Leo, J S; Lin, J P; Boyd, A D; Kricheff, I I
1979 May;131(2):399-401, Radiology
The most common cerebral metastatic lesion is from carcinoma of the lung. Preoperative cranial computed tomography (CCT) with contrast enhancement was performed in 55 neurologically intact patients with a diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma; 3 patients (5%) demonstrated cerebral metastasis. CCT could spare a significant number of such patients from unnecessary surgery, with a net saving substantially greater than its cost
— id: 99440, year: 1979, vol: 131, page: 399, stat: Journal Article,

A special rongeur for removal of extensively calcified mitral valves
Culliford AT; Boyd AD; Spencer FC
1979 Dec;28(6):605-606, Annals of thoracic surgery
A rare complication of advanced mitral valve disease occurs when calcium extends from the valve downward along the wall of the left ventricle into the ventricular cavity. This unusual condition can be recognized on fluoroscopy because the calcium is visible at right angles to the calcium in the valve. The surgeon faces a very difficult technical problem because it is hard to obtain adequate exposure and to remove the calcium without injury to adjacent tissues or loss of calcific fragments, with resulting embolization. Such difficulties were encountered a year ago in a patient undergoing mitral and aortic valve replacement and ultimately resulted in the patient's death. After this event, the special rongeurs described here were designed
— id: 28942, year: 1979, vol: 28, page: 605, stat: Journal Article,

WHEN TO OPERATE FOR CARCINOMA OF LUNG
BOYD, AD
1978 ;63(2):127-&, Postgraduate medicine
— id: 40049, year: 1978, vol: 63, page: 127, stat: Journal Article,

Surgery for chronic constrictive pericarditis. Does surgical approach and degree of pericardial resection significantly influence outcome?
Culliford AT; Lipton M; Isom OW; Cunningham J; Boyd AD; Adams P; Reed G; Spencer FC
1978 Sep;78(11):1719-1721, New York state journal of medicine
— id: 28945, year: 1978, vol: 78, page: 1719, stat: Journal Article,

Does coronary bypass increase longevity?
Isom, O W; Spencer, F C; Glassman, E; Cunningham, J N; Teiko, P; Reed, G E; Boyd, A D
1978 Jan;75(1):28-37, Journal of thoracic & cardiovascular surgery
— id: 107043, year: 1978, vol: 75, page: 28, stat: Journal Article,

Infective endocarditis. An analysis of 54 surgically treated patients
Boyd, A D; Spencer, F C; Isom, O W; Cunningham, J N; Reed, G E; Acinapura, A J; Tice, D A
1977 Jan;73(1):23-30, Journal of thoracic & cardiovascular surgery
One hundred seventy-seven patients were admitted to the New York University Medical Center from 1970 through 1975 with infective endocarditis. Fifty-four of these patients required surgical treatment. The over-all mortality rate was 28 per cent. Two thirds of the deaths were early (10 patients) and one third late (5 patients). The mortality rate was 90 per cent in 10 patients treated for 4 to 6 weeks in whom the infection was uncontrolled and the clinical condition was deteriorating. However of the 12 patients with uncontrolled infection who were operated upon promptly within 10 days, 83 per cent survived. The fact that fungal and gram-negative infections responded poorly to medical therapy suggests the need for prompt, early surgical intervention. The mortality rate in the 32 patients operated upon in whom the infection was controlled was 12.5 per cent. It is our conclusion that all patients with infective endocarditis who develop progressive congestive failure, recurrent embolization, or progressive sepsis, despite treatment, shold have prompt valve replacement within 7 days of the institution of appropriate antimicrobial therapy
— id: 107044, year: 1977, vol: 73, page: 23, stat: Journal Article,

Long-term results in 1375 patients undergoing valve replacement with the Starr-Edwards cloth-covered steel ball prosthesis
Isom, O W; Glassman, S E; Teiko, P; Boyd, A D; Cunningham, J N; Reed, G E
1977 Sep;186(3):310-323, Annals of surgery
The two principal considerations with prosthetic valves are durability and thromboembolism. With the widespread interest in recently developed prosthetic valves (porcine, tilting disc, Cooley), the long-term results at one institution with a single prosthesis were considered of particular importance. Accordingly, a 97% follow-up has been completed on 1375 patients (pts) undergoing prosthetic valve replacement with the Starr-Edwards cloth-covered steel ball prosthesis at New York University between October 1967 and December 1975. Operative procedures were as follows: aortic valve replacement (AVR): 470 pts; mitral valve replacement (MVR): 362 pts; combined AVR and MVR: 129 pts; other combined procedures: 414 pts. Overall operative deaths were 13.7%, 9% for AVR, 10.8% for MVR, and 18.6% for combined AVR and MVR. At seven years, AVR survival was 64%, and MVR survival 64.5%. There has been widespread pessimism, usually without significant data, about the cloth-covered prosthesis, because of concern of cloth wear, hemolysis and other complications. Therefore, a particularly significant finding by actuarial analysis was that 85% of surviving patients with isolated AVR remained free of emboli for five years. In pts surviving isolated MVR, 80% remained free of emboli for five years. Of those having embolic episodes, 33% were not on anticoagulants. Fatal hemorrhage from anticoagulants occurred in 0.8% of pts. Endocarditis occurred in 5.7% of the entire group, with 1.3% requiring reoperation. Clinically significant hemolysis occurred in 5.1% of the group, with only 0.2% requiring reoperation. Hence, the total frequency of clinically significant cloth-wear was less than 0.5%. These data indicate both the reliability and the limitations of the Starr-Edwards cloth-covered steel ball valve and can be used in comparing experiences with the more recently developed prostheses
— id: 124389, year: 1977, vol: 186, page: 310, stat: Journal Article,

Cricothyroidotomy - its healing and complications
Romita MC; Colvin SB; Boyd AD
1977 ;28(4):174-175, Surgical forum
— id: 36735, year: 1977, vol: 28, page: 174, stat: Journal Article,

The influence of diabetes and hypertension on the results of coronary revascularization
Engelman RM; Bhat JG; Glassman E; Spencer FC; Boyd AD; Reed GE; Isom OW; Pasternack BS
1976 Jan-Feb;271(1):4-12, American journal of the medical sciences
The effects of diabetes and hypertension on the early postoperative course of patients undergoing coronary revascularization were studied by reviewing the records of 177 patients operated upon in 1972. There were 121 nondiabetic, nonhypertensive; 32 hypertensive; ten diabetic; and 14 diabetic-hypertensive patients. The incidence of postoperative low cardiac output, renal insufficiency and arrhythmia was significantly higher in the hypertensive patient. Operative mortality ranged from 0 in diabetic patients, to 0.8 per cent in nondiabetic, nonhypertensives, to 7.1 per cent in diabetic-hypertensives and 12.5 per cent in hypertensive patients, suggesting an increased risk for the hypertensive patient. The one- to two-year follow-up results documented symptomatic improvement in 90.7 per cent of patients with little adverse effect apparent from diabetes or hypertension. Pre- and postoperative coronary angiography was carried out in 103 patients between 1968 and 1973 with a mean elapsed time between operation and postoperative angiogram of 9.3 months. The progression of atherosclerosis was graded on a 0-4 basis in both grafted and ungrafted coronary arteries. While hypertension appeared to contribute to disease progression, the incidence of vein graft and internal mammary artery bypass occlusion was not significantly affected by either diabetes or hypertension. This study has shown that while hypertension contributes to increased morbidity and mortality in the early postoperative period and an increased rate of progression of atherosclerosis, neither diabetes nor hypertension appeared to influence the one- to two-year results of coronary revascularization.
— id: 10310, year: 1976, vol: 271, page: 4, stat: Journal Article,

Myocardial injury associated with potassium arrest
Engelman, R M; Baumann, G; Boyd, A D; Kaplan, F
1976 Dec;22(6):557-571, Annals of thoracic surgery
The relative efficacy of potassium-induced ischemic arrest using buffered, isosmotic potassium (25 mEq/liter) was compared with hypothermic arrest in an experimental protocol employing an intact canine heart preparation. Myocardial function (LVSW, dp/dt max), serum creatine phosphokinase levels, myocardial perfusion, and light and electron microscopical examination of the heart were assessed in five groups of 5 dogs each. There was one control group (90 minutes of bypass, no anoxia) and four experimental groups, each subjected to 1 hour of ischemic arrest and 30 minutes of reperfusion, comparing normothermic ischemic arrest (NIA), hypothermic ischemic arrest (myocardial temperature less than 25 degrees C) (HIA), normothermic potassium arrest (NKA), and hypothermic potassium arrest (HKA). Myocardial function decreased significantly following NIA and NKA but remained essentially equal in the control, HIA and HKA groups. Serum creatine phosphokinase analysis documented a significant increase in each group of animals: 2,250 mU after NIA, 1,778 mU after NKA, 1,388 mU after HIA, 1,220 mU after HKA, and 838 mU after control bypass. Left ventricular myocardial perfusion was unmeasurably low after NIA, reduced to 111 m/100 gm of tissue/min after NKA, and increased to 165 to 188 ml/100 gm/min in the control, HIA and HKA groups. Electron microscopical studies showed a range of myocardial changes, from probably irreversible damage after NIA to similar but less diffuse changes after NKA, and to potentially reversible changes after HKA and HIA with the least alteration from control after HIA. The results indicate that potassium arrest alone is not as effective as hypothermia in preventing ischemic injury, and the combination of hypothermia with a single 150 cc administration of potassium (25 mEq/liter) does not appear to provide significant additional protection
— id: 107022, year: 1976, vol: 22, page: 557, stat: Journal Article,

A comparison of the level of myocardial ischemia produced by three techniques employed for coronary revascularization
Engelman, R M; Boyd, A D; Kronzon, I; Chandra, R; Rosenfeld, R
1976 Nov;21(5):323-331, Journal of surgical research
— id: 100167, year: 1976, vol: 21, page: 323, stat: Journal Article,

Operative management of tricuspid regurgitation
Reed, G E; Boyd, A D; Spencer, F C; Engelman, R M; Isom, O W; Cunningham, J N Jr
1976 Dec;54(6 Suppl):III96-III98, Circulation
From January 1968 to June 1975 tricuspid regurgitation was encountered in 238 patients of a total of 1074 patients undergoing operations on the mitral valve. During this time tricuspid annuloplasty (TA) was performed in 137 patients and the tricuspid valve was replaced (TVR) in 101 patients. Comparison of hospital mortality of 15% (20 of 137) for TA as against 40% (40 or 101) for TVR suggests the superiority of repair over replacement. A new technique for repair makes this operation even more attractive. It satisfies the dual objectives of producing competency but not obstruction by creating a measured orifice. As experience with TA was gained, the incidence of valve replacement dropped from 69% (22 of 32) in the first 2 years of the study to 16% (11 of 70) for the last 2 years
— id: 107023, year: 1976, vol: 54, page: III96, stat: Journal Article,

Esophagogastrostomy. Analysis of 55 cases
Boyd, A D; Cukingnan, R; Engelman, R M; Localio, S A; Slattery, L; Tice, D A; Bardin, J A; Spencer, F C
1975 Nov;70(5):817-825, Journal of thoracic & cardiovascular surgery
At the New York University Medical Center from January, 1969, through December, 1973, esophagogastrostomies were performed in 56 patients. In 30 (Group A), fundoplications were combined with the esophagogastrostomies; in the other 26 (Group B), esophagogastrostomies only were performed. These two groups have been compared in an effort to determine the effectiveness of fundoplication in preventing gastric reflux following esophagogastrostomy. The operative mortality rate (10 per cent) and the 3 year survival rate (20 per cent) were approximately equal in the two groups. Clinical evidence of reflux was noted in 10 per cent of Group A and 47 per cent of Group B patients, while complications of reflux were noted in 5 per cent of Group A and in 33 per cent of Group B patients. The results of the present study suggest that fundoplication, while not prolonging survival, does prevent the symptoms and complications of gastric reflux and improves the quality of survival in these unfortunate patients. This leads us to recommend the routine use of fundoplication with esophagogastrostomy in patients with carcinoma of the esophagus and gastric cardia
— id: 107025, year: 1975, vol: 70, page: 817, stat: Journal Article,

Allogeneic unresponsiveness to orthotopic cardiac transplants in DL-A-identical radiation chimeras
Boyd, A D; Spencer, F C; Hirose, H; Engelman, R M; Cannon, F D; Ferrebee, J W; Rapaport, F T
1975 Dec;7(4):475-477, Transplantation proceedings
Nine Cooperstown beagles of known DL-A genotypes were exposed to supralethal total-body irradiation and received bone-marrow allografts from DL-A-identical donors. Four to 5 months later, the resulting chimeras received orthotopic cardiac allografts from their corresponding donors of marrow. Six chimeras died of operative complications in the immediate postoperative period. The other 3 chimeras survived from 173 to 547 days; 1 dog died at 173 days as a result of right-sided heart failure, secondary to stenosis at the site of the pulmonary artery anastomosis. The other two recipients continue to be active and healthy at 545 and 547 days. The results indicate that dogs can be rendered specifically tolerant to orthotopic cardiac allografts by supralethal total-body irradiation and the transplantation of marrow obtained from the prospective allograft donor
— id: 107024, year: 1975, vol: 7, page: 475, stat: Journal Article,

Induction of tolerance to cardiac allografts by irradiation and bone marrow transplantation
Boyd, A D; Spencer, F C; Hirose, H; Engelman, R M; Cannon, F D; Ferrebee, J W; Rapaport, F T
1975 ;26:304-305, Surgical forum
— id: 107028, year: 1975, vol: 26, page: 304, stat: Journal Article,

ESOPHAGOGASTROSTOMY - ANALYSIS OF 55 CASES
Boyd, AD; Cukingnan, R; Engelman, RM; Localio, SA; Slattery, L; Tice, DA; Bardin, JA; Spencer, FC
1975 ;70(5):817-825, Journal of thoracic & cardiovascular surgery
— id: 28474, year: 1975, vol: 70, page: 817, stat: Journal Article,

The effect of hypotensive anesthesia on renal hemodynamics
Engelman RM; Guy HH; Smith SJ; Boyd AD; Narbay RD; Turndorf H
1975 Apr;18(3):293-300, Journal of surgical research
— id: 45893, year: 1975, vol: 18, page: 293, stat: Journal Article,

The effect of normothermic anoxic arrest and ventricular fibrillation on the coronary blood flow distribution of the pig
Engelman, R M; Adler, S; Gouge, T H; Chandra, R; Boyd, A D; Baumann, F G
1975 Jun;69(6):858-869, Journal of thoracic & cardiovascular surgery
Normothermic anoxic arrest of 15 and 30 minutes, repeated for up to a total of 90 minutes of anoxia was employed in 24 pigs. The purpose was to determine the effect of varying the duration of anoxia on coronary blood flow, coronary vascular resistance, and the distribution of coronary flow to the free wall of the ventricle. Five minutes of reperfusion at pressures of 50 and 100 mm. Hg with the ventricle fibrillating, was employed between each anoxic interval. Results were compared to control studies performed during ventricular fibrillation without anoxic arrest in 12 pigs. Prolonging the anoxic interval to 30 minutes served to create a maldistribution of coronary flow away from the left ventricular endocardium and to reduce the reactive hypermic response to anoxia. Increasing the perfusion pressure to 100mm. Hg accentuated these changes. Both light and electron microscopy of sections demonstrated edema and early myocardial necrosis in the subendocardial layer of the left ventricle subjected to repeated 30 minute intervals of anoxia at a high perfusion pressure. We postulate that repeated anoxic insults with inadequate repayment of oxygen debt results in subendocardial edema, a decrease in perfusion, increasing necrosis, and further edema. A myocardial infarction must result if this vicious cycle cannot be interrupted
— id: 106543, year: 1975, vol: 69, page: 858, stat: Journal Article,

The significance of coronary arterial stenosis during cardiopulmonary bypass
Engelman, R M; Spencer, F C; Boyd, A D; Chandra, R
1975 Nov;70(5):869-879, Journal of thoracic & cardiovascular surgery
Myocardial infarction may develop during an uneventful open-heart operation. In order to better understand this complication, we undertook an experimental study. The left circumflex coronary artery of 20 dogs was narrowed to 50 per cent of its area by a metal screw clamp to produce a localized coronary stenosis. Regional myocardial perfusion in the distribution of both the stenotic circumflex and normal left anterior descending (LAD) coronary arteries was measured by injection of a radioactive-labeled microsphere (15 +/- 5 mu). Circumflex coronary artery flow was measured with an electromagnetic flow probe. An epicardial electrogram was recorded in the distribution of the left circumflex. Measurements of regional myocardial perfusion, circumflex flow, and the epicardial electrogram were performed in each animal during the control (prebypass) state and during cardiopulmonary bypass with a beating and fibrillating ventricle. Half the animals had cardiopulmonary bypass performed at 50 mm. Hg perfusion pressure and half at 100 mm. Hg. The animals were put to death at the end of the study, and the hearts were sectioned, weighed, and counted. A cast was made of the stenotic circumflex coronary artery, the degree of stenosis is measured, and the per cent area stenosis calculated. The study showed that the effect of a 50 per cent coronary stenosis in reducing distal flow is apparent only during cardiopulmonary bypass at reduced pressure. The mechanism whereby a myocardial infarction develops during cardiopulmonary bypass could evolve from the development of a 'critical' stenosis out of a mild-moderate one at a reduced perfusion pressure during cardiopulmonary bypass
— id: 107026, year: 1975, vol: 70, page: 869, stat: Journal Article,

INFLUENCE OF DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION ON RESULTS OF CORONARY REVASCULARIZATION
Engelman, RM; Bhat, JG; Glassman, E; Spencer, FC; Boyd, AD; Pasternack, BS; Reed, GE; Isom, OW
1975 ;35(1):135-135, American journal of cardiology
— id: 28587, year: 1975, vol: 35, page: 135, stat: Journal Article,

SIGNIFICANCE OF CORONARY ARTERIAL-STENOSIS DURING CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS
Engelman, RM; Spencer, FC; Boyd, AD; Chandra, R
1975 ;70(5):869-879, Journal of thoracic & cardiovascular surgery
— id: 28475, year: 1975, vol: 70, page: 869, stat: Journal Article,

A method of closed-chest cannulation of the left atrium for left atrial-femoral artery bypass
Glassman, E; Engelman, R M; Boyd, A D; Lipson, D; Ackerman, B; Spencer, F C
1975 Feb;69(2):283-290, Journal of thoracic & cardiovascular surgery
A large-bore polyvinyl catheter was devised for passage into the left atrium by means of a modified transseptal catheterization technique. This was performed without difficulty using both pulsatile and nonpulsatile bypass in the closed-chest animal as well as in 3 terminally ill patients. Blood was drained from the left atrium and returned to the femoral artery through an extracorporeal circuit. The shock syndrome produced by coronary embolization in dogs was successfully managed in this fashion. The results of the clinical trials were encouraging. Assisted left heart circulation using a closed-chest left atrial-femoral artery bypass seems feasible by this technique
— id: 107027, year: 1975, vol: 69, page: 283, stat: Journal Article,

EFFECT OF PULMONARY-HYPERTENSION ON ELDERLY PATIENTS UNDERGOING MITRAL-VALVE OPERATIONS
Acinapur[...], AJ; Reed, GE; Boyd, A; Isom, OW; Spencer, FC
1974 ;50(4):157-157, Circulation
— id: 28349, year: 1974, vol: 50, page: 157, stat: Journal Article,

Tracheal healing following tracheostomy
Bardin, J; Boyd, A D; Hirose, H; Engelman, R M
1974 ;25(0):210-212, Surgical forum
— id: 107033, year: 1974, vol: 25, page: 210, stat: Journal Article,

Tricuspid annuloplasty. Five and one-half years' experience with 78 patients
Boyd, A D; Engelman, R M; Isom, O W; Reed, G E; Spencer, F C
1974 Sep;68(3):344-351, Journal of thoracic & cardiovascular surgery
— id: 107030, year: 1974, vol: 68, page: 344, stat: Journal Article,

TRICUSPID ANNULOPLASTY - 5 AND ONE-HALF YEARS EXPERIENCE WITH 78 PATIENTS
Boyd, AD; Engelman, RM; Isom, OW; Reed, GE; Spencer, FC
1974 ;68(3):344-351, Journal of thoracic & cardiovascular surgery
— id: 28330, year: 1974, vol: 68, page: 344, stat: Journal Article,

Nonthrombogenic aortic and vena caval bypass using heparin-coated tubes
Brenner, W I; Engelman, R M; Williams, C D; Boyd, A D; Reed, G E
1974 May;127(5):555-559, American journal of surgery
— id: 107031, year: 1974, vol: 127, page: 555, stat: Journal Article,

Nonthrombogenic aortic and vena caval bypass using heparin-coated tubes
Brenner, W I; Engelman, R M; Williams, C D; Boyd, A D; Reed, G E
1974 Mar-Apr;31(2):132-134, Review of surgery
— id: 107032, year: 1974, vol: 31, page: 132, stat: Journal Article,

The effect of diuretics on renal hemodynamics during cardiopulmonary bypass
Engelman, R M; Gouge, T H; Smith, S J; Stahl, W M; Gombos, E A; Boyd, A D
1974 Mar;16(3):268-276, Journal of surgical research
— id: 78184, year: 1974, vol: 16, page: 268, stat: Journal Article,

Effect of normothermic anoxic arrest on coronary blood flow distribution of pigs
Engelman, R M; Spencer, F C; Adler, S; Gouge, T H; Chandra, R; Boyd, A D
1974 ;25(0):176-179, Surgical forum
— id: 107034, year: 1974, vol: 25, page: 176, stat: Journal Article,

INFLUENCE OF DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION ON RESULTS OF CORONARY REVASCULARIZATION
Engelman, RM; Bhat, JG; Glassman, E; Spencer, FC; Boyd, AD; Pasterna[...], BS; Reed, GE; Isom, OW
1974 ;50(4):171-171, Circulation
— id: 28350, year: 1974, vol: 50, page: 171, stat: Journal Article,

RENAL HEMODYNAMICS DURING CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS
Gouge, TH; Smith, SJ; Boyd, AD; Engelman, RM
1974 ;50(3):401-401, Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
— id: 28460, year: 1974, vol: 50, page: 401, stat: Journal Article,

CLOSED CHEST LEFT ATRIAL-FEMORAL BYPASS, A SUPERIOR MODE OF THERAPY FOR CARDIOGENIC-SHOCK - EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL STUDIES
Lipson, D; Engelman, RM; Boyd, AD; Gouge, TH; Spencer, FC; Glassman, E; Ackerman, B
1974 ;50(3):408-408, Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
— id: 28462, year: 1974, vol: 50, page: 408, stat: Journal Article,

Experience with open mitral commissurotomy in 100 consecutive patients
Mullin, M J; Engelman, R M; Isom, O W; Boyd, A D; Glassman, E; Spencer, F C
1974 Dec;76(6):974-982, Surgery
— id: 107029, year: 1974, vol: 76, page: 974, stat: Journal Article,

The long-term influence of coronary bypass grafts on myocardial infarction and survival
Spencer FC; Isom OW; Glassman E; Boyd AD; Engelman RM; Reed GE; Pasternack BS; Dembrow JM
1974 Oct;180(4):439-451, Annals of surgery
— id: 10318, year: 1974, vol: 180, page: 439, stat: Journal Article,

Lethal postoperative infections following cardiac surgery. Review of four years' experience
Engelman RM; Chase RM; Boyd AD; Reed GE
1973 Jul;48(1 Suppl):III31-III36, Circulation
— id: 18902, year: 1973, vol: 48, page: III31, stat: Journal Article,

Mediastinitis following open-heart surgery. Review of two years' experience
Engelman RM; Williams CD; Gouge TH; Chase RM; Falk EA; Boyd AD; Reed GE
1973 Nov;107(5):772-778, Archives of Surgery (Chicago)
— id: 18901, year: 1973, vol: 107, page: 772, stat: Journal Article,

Multiple circumscribed pulmonary hematomas masquerading as metastatic carcinoma
Engelman, R M; Boyd, A D; Blum, M; Worth, M H
1973 Mar;15(3):291-294, Annals of thoracic surgery
— id: 107036, year: 1973, vol: 15, page: 291, stat: Journal Article,

Renal and hepatic dysfunction following cardiopulmonary bypass
Engelman, R M; Brenner, W I; Gouge, T H; Reed, G E; Boyd, A D; Isom, O W
1973 ;Spec No:676-682, Journal of cardiovascular surgery
— id: 107037, year: 1973, vol: Spec No, page: 676, stat: Journal Article,

CLOSED CHEST LEFT ATRIAL-FEMORAL BYPASS - THERAPY FOR CARDIOGENIC-SHOCK
ENGELMAN, RM; GLASSMAN, E; BOYD, AD; SPENCER, FC
1973 ;5(8):12-13, European surgical research
— id: 39777, year: 1973, vol: 5, page: 12, stat: Journal Article,

Closed-chest left atrial-femoral bypass for cardiogenic shock: experimental and clinical studies
Lipson, D E; Glassman, E; Engelman, R M; Boyd, A D; Gouge, T H; Ackerman, B; Spencer, F C
1973 ;24:180-181, Surgical forum
— id: 107038, year: 1973, vol: 24, page: 180, stat: Journal Article,

Late complications of intraoperative coronary artery perfusion
Reed, G E; Spencer, F C; Boyd, A D; Engelman, R M; Glassman, E
1973 Jul;48(1 Suppl):III80-III84, Circulation
— id: 107035, year: 1973, vol: 48, page: III80, stat: Journal Article,

Disseminated intravascular coagulation following extracorporeal circulation
Boyd, A D; Engelman, R M; Beaudet, R L; Lackner, H
1972 Nov;64(5):685-693, Journal of thoracic & cardiovascular surgery
— id: 107039, year: 1972, vol: 64, page: 685, stat: Journal Article,

Bronchopleural fistulas: how often should they occur?
Boyd, A D; Spencer, F C
1972 Feb;13(2):195-196, Annals of thoracic surgery
— id: 107045, year: 1972, vol: 13, page: 195, stat: Journal Article,

Role of DL-A system of canine histocompatibility in cardiac transplantation
Boyd, A D; Rapaport, F T; Ferrebee, J W; Cannon, F D; Dausset, J; Lower, R R; Spencer, F C
1971 Mar;3(1):152-154, Transplantation proceedings
— id: 107046, year: 1971, vol: 3, page: 152, stat: Journal Article,

The control of hemorrhage by dacron aortic prostheses
Cortes, L E; Boyd, A D; Spencer, F C; Reed, G E
1971 ;22:170-171, Surgical forum
— id: 107048, year: 1971, vol: 22, page: 170, stat: Journal Article,

Histocompatibility studies in a closely bred colony of dogs. II. Influence of the DL-A system of canine histocompatibility upon the survival of cardiac allografts
Rapaport, R T; Boyd, A D; Spencer, F C; Lower, R R; Dausset, J; Cannon, F D; Ferrebee, J W
1971 Feb 1;133(2):260-274, Journal of experimental medicine
— id: 107047, year: 1971, vol: 133, page: 260, stat: Journal Article,

Prolonged survival of cardiac allografts in a closely-bred dog colony
Boyd, A D; Ferrebee, J W; Cannon, F D; Gherunpong, C; Lower, R R; Spencer, F C; Rapaport, F T
1970 ;21:188-190, Surgical forum
— id: 107050, year: 1970, vol: 21, page: 188, stat: Journal Article,

Why has bronchial resection and anastomosis been reported infrequently for treatment of bronchial adenoma?
Boyd, A D; Spencer, F C; Lind, A
1970 Mar;59(3):359-365, Journal of thoracic & cardiovascular surgery
— id: 107049, year: 1970, vol: 59, page: 359, stat: Journal Article,

Implantation of the splenic artery into the left ventricle for coronary artery disease
Spencer, F C; Reppert, E H; Boyd, A D; Cortes, L E
1968 Dec;34(12):831-836, American surgeon
— id: 107051, year: 1968, vol: 34, page: 831, stat: Journal Article,

Estimation of cardiac output soon after intracardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass
BOYD, A D; TREMBLAY, R E; SPENCER, F C; BAHNSON, H T
1959 Oct;150:613-626, Annals of surgery
— id: 107052, year: 1959, vol: 150, page: 613, stat: Journal Article,